Verb Format
Negation/Prohibitive-Subj/Obj Prefixes-Σ-Reciprocal-Tense-Aspect-Subj/Obj Suffixes-Mood/Evidential/Attitudinal-(Nominalization)
Negation | ma-
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Prohibitive | ta-
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Causative | za-
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Reciprocal | -su
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Past | -ga/-k
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Future | -a
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Progressive | -ha/-s
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Habitual | -ba/-p
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Inchoative | -ku
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Terminative | -r(o)
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Repetitive | -ya
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Continuative | -ce/-ts
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Resultative | -no
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Yes/no interrogative | -la
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Substance interrogative | -le
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Deductive | -ke
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Dubitative | -bi
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Mirative | -si
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Affirmative | -pa
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Reportative | -mu
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Exclamative | -ni
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Hortative | -ma
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Polite request | -wu
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Conditional | -sa
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Negative conditional | -tu
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Implicational | -na
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Purposive | -seng
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Sequential | -teng
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Cotemporal | -lo
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Agent nominalization | -su
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Object, locative, instrumental nominalization | -t(a)
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Purposive nominalization | -li
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Temporal nominalization | -sra
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Personal Agreement
Intransitive Paradigm
1s | Σ-T-ng(a)
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1di | Σ-T-tsi
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1de | Σ-T-tsi-ka
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1pi | Σ-T-i/y
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1pe | Σ-T-ka
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2s | te-Σ-T
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2d | te-Σ-T-tsi
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2p | te-Σ-T-ni
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3s | Σ-T
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3d | Σ-T-tsi
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3p | Σ-T-m(i)
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(These affixes take the tone of that which they follow.)
Transitive Paradigm
| 1sP | 1diP | 1deP | 1piP | 1peP | 2sP | 2dP | 2pP | 3sP | 3dP | 3pP | 3'sP | 3'dP | 3'pP
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1sA | | | | | | Σ-T-n(a) | Σ-T-n(a)-tsi | Σ-T-ne | Σ-T-ng(a) | Σ-T-ng(a) | Σ-T-ng(a)
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1diA | | | | | | Σ-T-tsi | Σ-T-tsi | Σ-T-tsi | Σ-T-tsi | Σ-T-tsi | Σ-T-tsi
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1deA | | | | | | Σ-T-tsi-ka | Σ-T-tsi-ka | Σ-T-tsi-ka | Σ-T-tsi-ka | Σ-T-tsi-ka | Σ-T-tsi-ka
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1piA | | | | | | Σ-T-ne | Σ-T-ne | Σ-T-ne | Σ-T-i/y | Σ-T-i/y | Σ-T-i/y
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1peA | | | | | | Σ-T-n(a)-ka | Σ-T-n(a)-ka | Σ-T-n(a)-ka | Σ-T-ka | Σ-T-ka | Σ-T-ka
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2sA | te-wu-Σ-T-ng(a) | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi-ka | te-wu-Σ-T-i/y | te-wu-Σ-T-ka | | | | te-Σ-T-u/w | te-Σ-T-u/w | te-Σ-T-u/w
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2dA | te-wu-Σ-T-ng(a)-tsi | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi-ka | te-wu-Σ-T-i/y | te-wu-Σ-T-ka | | | | te-Σ-T-tsi-w | te-Σ-T-tsi-w | te-Σ-T-tsi-w
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2pA | te-wu-Σ-T-ng(a)-ni | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi-ka | te-wu-Σ-T-i/y | te-wu-Σ-T-ka | | | | te-Σ-T-ni | te-Σ-T-ni | te-Σ-T-ni
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3sA | wu-Σ-T-ng(a) | wu-Σ-T-tsi | wu-Σ-T-tsi-ka | wu-Σ-T-i/y | wu-Σ-T-ka | te-wu-Σ-T | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi | te-wu-Σ-T-i/y | | | | Σ-T-u/w | Σ-T-u/w | Σ-T-u/w
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3dA | wu-Σ-T-ng(a) | wu-Σ-T-tsi | wu-Σ-T-tsi-ka | wu-Σ-T-i/y | wu-Σ-T-ka | te-wu-Σ-T | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi | te-wu-Σ-T-i/y | | | | Σ-T-tsi-w | Σ-T-tsi-w | Σ-T-tsi-w
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3pA | wu-Σ-T-ng(a) | wu-Σ-T-tsi | wu-Σ-T-tsi-ka | wu-Σ-T-i/y | wu-Σ-T-ka | te-wu-Σ-T | te-wu-Σ-T-tsi | te-wu-Σ-T-i/y | | | | Σ-T-m(i) | Σ-T-m(i) | Σ-T-m(i)
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3'sA | | | | | | | | | wu-Σ-T | wu-Σ-T-tsi | wu-Σ-T-m(i)
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3'dA | | | | | | | | | wu-Σ-T | wu-Σ-T-tsi | wu-Σ-T-m(i)
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3'pA | | | | | | | | | wu-Σ-T | wu-Σ-T-tsi | wu-Σ-T-m(i)
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(These affixes take the tone of that which they precede or follow.)