<!>Old Oxic (2014-06-19 19:21:22)
Old Oxic
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? dhok posts: 235
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Moving onto the grammar. We'll take the nouns first. They've lost some cases from PIE (they are now reduced to a nominative, accusative, locative, and "oblique" derived from the genitive in the singular and dual and the dative/ablative in the plural), but have kept the dual and all three genders.

Here's the declension of the a-stem feminines. There are two subdeclensions of a-stems, those that were formerly accented on their stem (example ekā, ekās "mare"), and those that were formerly accented on their ending (apso, apsos "wasp"). We'll take the stem-accents first:

SingularDualPlural
Nominativeekāekaekās
Accusativeekānekaekās
Locativeekeekāwosekāsu
Obliqueekāsekāwosekābas


Fairly straightforward; note that the nominative and accusative are differentiated only in the singular, and that the locative and oblique merge in the dual (true for all genders). Here is an ending-accent:

SingularDualPlural
Nominativeapsoapseapsos
Accusativeapsonapseapsos
Locativeapsāasowosapsosu
Obliqueapsosasowosapsobas


Moving on to the o-stems. There are also two subdeclensions of o-stems, those which were formerly accented on their stem (example etas, etaša, "path"), and those which were formerly accented on their endings (example nisrās, nisrāša, "nest"). Here's etas:

SingularDualPlural
Nominativeetasetāetās
Accusativeetanetāetās
Locativeetietayosetasu
Obliqueetašaetayosetabas


Here's nisrās.

SingularDualPlural
Nominativenisrāsnisronisres
Accusativenisrānnisronisros
Locativenisrinisrāwosnisresu
Obliquenisrāšanisrāwosnisrābas


Note some differences in the endings, mainly changed vowels.

The o-stem neuters, to nobody's surprise, only differ from the masculines in their nominative and accusative. Here's a stem-accent, grewan, grewaša "reed, rush". Only the nom/acc needs to be presented.

SingularDualPlural
Nominative/Accusativegrewangrewagrewā


And here's an ending-accent, karān, karāša "greed".

SingularDualPlural
Nominative/Accusativekarānkarekaro



A subclass of o-stems, both masculine and neuter, have -u- in many forms. Here is an example (stem-accents and ending-accents are not differentiated in this class), ekus, ekuša, "horse":

SingularDualPlural
Nominativeekusekāekas
Accusativeekunekāekās
Locativeekiekuwāsekubas
Obliqueekušaekuwāsekesu


And here is a neuter, dārkun, darkuša "evening meal":

SingularDualPlural
Nominative/Accusativedārkundārkadārkā


I'll try and get some more nouns up soon, as well as pronouns.