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dhoklang Scratchpad (NP: Algonquitut?)
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, Alkali Metal, Norman, United States
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Moving onto applicatives. CQ has a number of applicatives formed by prefixing a postposition (which must agree in harmony), with the negative wä-/wa- appearing before the applicative prefix, and jerking the accent one syllable to the left. (This applies after accent considerations in the past tense.)

An applicative promotes an old postpositional oblique to object position and gets rid of the old object. (In many cases you can re-introduce the old object with ra, except with animates, who take the beneficiary śa.) Remember that ditransitives are usually secundative, so the recipient will be deleted and the dechticaetiative (marked as an instrumental) promoted:

k'ára-ja qáwa-Ø tõkṍ-nũ ra siɸä́-Ø
king-ERG man-ABS money-PP with give.PST-3SG.AN.TR
'The king gave money to the man.'

becomes

k'ára-ja tõkṍ-Ø (qáwa-nũ śa) rä-síɸä-Ø
king-ERG money-ABS (man-PP for) INST.APP-give.PST-3SG.AN.TR
'The king donated money (to the man).'

This becomes important when we consider relative clauses. Relative clauses in CQ can only relativize subjects and direct objects (including recipients)- they can't relativize into an oblique. In most situations, you can get around this by using an applicative. Relative clauses in CQ appear before their head and use no relative particle:

ŋanṹ-nũ le xüwä́-Ø qáwa-Ø
city-PP to go.PST-3SG.AN.INTR man
'the man who went to the city'

Relativized objects in CQ require a special resumptive pronominal clitic ke for animates and for inanimates:

qáwa-ja nõ hõná-Ø θúku
man-ERG it eat.PST-3SG.AN.TR bread
'the bread that the man ate (it)'

We can now use applicatives to more or less relativize an oblique:

qáwa-ja nõ le-xǘwä-Ø ŋanũ
man-ERG it towards.APP-go.PST-3SG.AN.TR city
'the city that the man went to, the city that the man to-went'