<!>dhoklang Scratchpad (2015-04-21 10:16:05)
dhoklang Scratchpad (NP: Algonquitut?)
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? dhok posts: 235
, Alkali Metal, Norman, United States
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There are twelve TAM particles; further TAM distinctions must be expressed by adverbs like ə́ṭə 'long ago' or dip 'tomorrow'. They fit into a fairly smooth three- by four-distinction matrix, inflecting for aspect and mood, but not tense.

Aspect may be perfective, imperfective or habitual.

Mood may be realis, irrealis, contrafactual or potential.

The default TAM inflection, which takes no particle, is the realis imperfective. A table of particles appears below:

Perfective Imperfective Habitual
Realis ca Ø yak
Irrealis ḷiḍ khə sun
Contrafactual ḷiya cha suy
Potential be ṛiw the


TAM particles pretty much always come immediately after the verb.

I'd write some more sentences with these particles,  but I need to do some more supporting syntax first, and I can't do that until after class and lunch.