I can make some of this out, but not nearly enough—abbreviations such as d. i. v. which I can't find in dictionaries. Also, why the Byzantine Greek numbers θ̄ and τ̄?

My guess would be that it's abbreviating "das ist vers". What's unhelpful a little is that according to late 19th-century fashion, nouns aren't capitalized, so it's also less clear what that "v." is.

Here's what I can make out.

1 Grenfell and Hunt "The Oxyrhynchus Papyri VI p. 149 no. 854" [this is TM 59232] small part of a once thick papyrus roll from the end of 2 AD
2 beside the line 9, which is verse 800 of the manuscript [not sure what this means— is that to say that there's a θ̅ beside the line, which means verse 800 of the poem?]
3 beside the line a questioning letter [??] 300 [??] ξεῖνοι or ξείνοις [is this two unrelated notes?]
4 "δ᾽ οὐ[" or "δου["
5 beside the line an obelism
6-9 surviving in Athenaeus XI 483 D (frg. 4 B.⁴) "And Archilochus also mentions [the cothon] as a kind of cup, in his Elegies, where he says—" [taken from Yonge's translation of Athenaeus. What is 4 B.⁴?]
6 "ἀλλά τε" codex Marcianus: corrected to Musurus, et al.
7 "κοίλων" codex Marcianus and eds. cf. Anacreon frg. 9 B.⁴ and G. Meyer p. 170 [I really can't make sense of this. I did look up Anacreon 9 and it has the word κοϊλώτερα in it, though.]
9 "νήφειν μὲν " codex Marcianus: corrected to Musurus, et al. maybe ἐσ; "νηφέμεναι" impossible (annot. Bergk)
——
2 Fragments of a book roll written in the 2nd c. AD in the Strasbourg University Library, ed. by R. Reitzenstein; "Two New Fragements of the Epodes of Archilochos." Sitzungs-Berichte der preuß[ischen] Akad[emie] d[er] Wiss[enschaften] 1899, p. 857 f., table VII (cf. R. Reitzenstein: Hermes 1900, [p.?] 621, annot. 2; Fr. Leo: "De Horatio [epod. 10] et Archilocho," Göttinger Preisverteilung vom 30. Mai 1900, p. 7 f.; A. Gercke: Wochenschr[eiben] f[ür] klass[ische] Phil[ologie] 1900, p. 28 f.; Fr. Blass Rhein[isches] Mus[eum] 1900, p. 341 f.; A. Hauvette: Revue des études grècques 1901, p. 71 ff.; Archiloque, Paris 1905, p. 224; O. Schulthess Rhein[isches] Mus[eum] 1902, p. 157 f.; J. Sitzler: Jahresb[ericht] über die Fortschr[itte] d[er] klass[ischen] Altert[ums]-Wiss[enschaften] 1907, vol. 133, p. 118 f.). For the meter cf. Archil. frg. 89 ff. 93. 104 B. — 96–101 Cr. the beginning has been lost just as the summary inscribed on the left margin.
2 Suppl. after Homer ε [??] 388 f
3 scholion [given above] incorrect, cf. Herod. [Herodotus? Herodian? Herodas?] 4, 93 Mela [Pomponius Mela?] 2,2,23 Plin[ius] nat. [??] 4, 45 εὐφρόνη̣ς̣ [σκότωι] Schulthess

OK, let's see for the whole thing. Maybe if you combine Newt's and mine, you'll get a clue of what this is about. Cause I don't have any clue and their way of citing sources without putting titles in quotes or italics and also not using any punctuation between different parts of a footnote frankly sucks.

1 Grenfell and Hunt The Oxyrhynchus Papyri VI, p. 149, no. 854: small slip of a formerly sturdy papyrus roll from the end of the 2nd century AD.
2 Next to the line θ̄, i.e. v. 800 of the manuscript.
3 Next to the line a critic (?) sign τ̄ ξεῖνοι or ξείνοις.
4 δ’ οὐ[ or δου[.
5 Next to the line an obelus.
6–9 inherited in Athen. XI 483 D (frgm. 4B.⁴) μνημονεύει αὐτοῦ (i.e. τοῦ κώθωνος) kαὶ Ἀρχίλοχος ἐν ἐλεγείοισ ὡς ποτηρίου οῦτως·
6 ἀλλά τε cod. Marc.: verb.* Musurus, issued**
7 koίλων cod. Marc. and issued, cf. Anacr. frgm. 9 B.⁴ and G. Meyer, p. 170.
9 νήφειν μὲν cod. Marc.: verb. Musurus, issued, maybe ἐσ, impossibly νηφέμεναι (annot. Bergk).
2 Fragments of a book roll written in the 2nd c. AD in the Strasbourg University Library, ed. by R. Reitzenstein; "Two New Fragements of the Epodes of Archilochos." Sitzungs-Berichte der preuß[ischen] Akad[emie] d[er] Wiss[enschaften] 1899, p. 857 f., table VII (cf. R. Reitzenstein: Hermes 1900, [p.?] 621, annot. 2; Fr. Leo: "De Horatio [epod. 10] et Archilocho," Göttinger Preisverteilung vom 30. Mai 1900, p. 7 f.; A. Gercke: Wochenschr[eiben] f[ür] klass[ische] Phil[ologie] 1900, p. 28 f.; Fr. Blass Rhein[isches] Mus[eum]*** 1900, p. 341 f.; A. Hauvette: Revue des études grècques 1901, p. 71 ff.; Archiloque, Paris 1905, p. 224; O. Schulthess Rhein[isches] Mus[eum] 1902, p. 157 f.; J. Sitzler: Jahresb[ericht] über die Fortschr[itte] d[er] klass[ischen] Altert[ums]-Wiss[enschaften] 1907, vol. 133, p. 118 f.). For the meter cf. Archil. frg. 89 ff. 93. 104 B. — 96–101 Cr. the beginning has been lost just as the summary inscribed on the left margin.
2 Suppl. after Hom. ε 388 f.
3 Schol. incorrect, cf. Herod. 4, 93 Mela 2, 2, 23 Plin. nat. 4, 45 — εὐφρόνη̣ς̣ [σκότωι] Schulthess.

*) Not sure if this is part of the title or maybe meaning "verbessert" or "Verbesserung", i.e. "corrected" or "correction".
**) I suppose this might be supposed to mean "loc. cit," although that is usually abbreviated "a. a. O." ("am angegebenen Ort"). Note that "hrsgg." ("herausgegeben") literally means "issued", but "hrsgg. v." ("herausgegeben von") in citations usually means "edited by."
***) This is a guess, I don't know the journal title.

Rhein Mus is indeed a journal, the Rheinisches Museum für Philologie

Okay, with your help and a bit of research I've discovered a few things (and edited my post accordingly.) Namely, there was a person named Marcus Musurus, who wrote (or compiled?) scholia on Athenaeus. I took another look at Kaibel's text of Athenaeus and found the following footnotes: "ἀλλά τε A: corr. Mus" and "ἐν Mus: μέν A". A bit more research suggests that "Marc." and "A" both refer to the Codex Marcianus. So verb. definitely means "corrected to", and that's both Marc. and Musurus figured out. Still a few mysteries left, which I am currently trying to figure out.

"G. Meyer" refers to the book Griechische grammatik by Gustav Meyer. I can't seem to find any mention of κόϊλος or κοῖλος, though. A footnote on Anacreon 9 in Bergk says "...κοϊλώτερα scripsi, vulgo κοιλότερα. Neque vero κόϊλος revocandum in Homericis carminibus, quamquam plurimis locis per versus numerum licet, nam contractam formam satis testificatur Od. [22] 385". Can someone give a good translation of this?

Oh duh, I wrote "if you combine Newt's and mine" above because I thought the OP was Dhok :\ Mea culpa.