Kinship

The Hellesan kinship system is cognatic and bilateral. An Hellesan has three surnames: the first and second are, respectively, the mother's and father's first surname, while the third is in fact the name of his/her clan. An example: Estanh Gafardeu e Turmí, nais Potgenet "Estanh Gafardeu and Turmí, of the Potgenet".
    In the complete name the clan surname goes after the second (father's) surname. It can go in the way we see in the example above or suffixing –esc (from the group genitive in Peran –sken), which gives Potgenetesc in Hellesan.

The family

grandfather  a ausi ause –s –s b ausi euse –s –s | etim From Peran eidu "grandfather" and eidese "grandmother", although is the feminine form which gave the Hellesan word, since eidu would gave eu, which only exists as an affective form in some dialects. It was eidese which, by analogy to the evolution of eidu, gave euse and ause, and from that the masculine appeared, ausi. From eidese we also have egi "grandfather" and ègie "grandmother". | see also old.
cousin  1 Generic. n gernès –esse –eus –esses | etim From Per. ant. gernesu "cousin", lit. "lineage brother", adapt. of Sdn. *ghernēso, from Peran hernessante and Sar. hernessantis "lineage", from Sar. and Meg. herne "line" (from Sng. ghere– "thread, rope, tube") + Meg. ernēso "brother".
2 The brothers/sisters and first cousins as a whole. m/f pl gers | etim From Per. tar. gertsu "brother, first cousin", from Per. mit. gernsu, from Per. ant. gernesu "cousin"; see cousin #1. | see also lad #3.
son  n deu deure –s –s | etim Hel ant. deur "son", from Sdn. deuro, from Per. teuru and Sar. theulon.
brother  1 Generic. n orne –esse –s –esses | etim From Peran ornu "brother", from Meg. ernēso, from erneg– "origin, genesis, start".
2 The brothers/sisters and first cousins as a whole. m/f pl gers | etim From Per. tar. gertsu "brother, first cousin", from Per. mit. gernsu, from Per. ant. gernesu "cousin". | see also lad #3.
mum  1.1 Mother, in an affectionate sense. f amel –s 1.2 Mother, typical of children. f ama –es | etim All from Per. mamare, from Sate MAM–AR– "mother, maternal" « MAM– "mother, breast".
mother  f a maide –s b maie –s c madhe –s | etim From Per. mit. maite "mother", from Meg. maite or mete, from Sate MAM– "mother, breast".
uncle  1.1 Generic. m audart –s 1.2 Maternal uncle. m maçanart –s 1.3 Oncle patern. m adarnat –s | etim Audart comes from Sdn. autartu, from Per. artartu "uncle", lit. "other father", from arter– "other" + artu "father". Maçanart and adarnat come, respectively, from Per. tar. maitanartu, contr. of Per. ant. *maitarnartartu, from maitarnas "maternal" + artartu "uncle", and from Per. tar. atarnatu, contr. of Per. ant. *artarnartartu, from artarnas "paternal" + artartu "uncle".
dad  m a ata –s b atar –s | etim From Per. atar, ataru (Meg. atar).
father  m arte –s | etim From Per. mit. artu, from Sate ART– "right, upright, erect".
aunt  1.1 Father's or mother's sister. f aice –s 1.2 Maternal aunt. f mairamadhe –s 1.3 Paternal aunt. f adramadhe –s | etim Aice comes from Per. tar. aite, which seems to be taken from child language by reduction of Per. mit. armaite, contr. of Per. ant. artermaite "aunt", lit. "other mother", from arter– "other" + maite "mother". Aite survives in Hellesan as a colloquial form of aice. Mairamadhe and adramadhe come, respectively, from Sdn. mairamaide and adramaide, from Per. mit. maitarmaite and artarmaite, from maitarnas "maternal" / artarnas "paternal" + armaite "aunt".

great-grandfather  n noseu noseie –s –s | etim From Per. noseidu "great-grandfather" and noseidese "great-grandmother", lit. "two (times) grandfather/grandmother", from nos– "two, twice" + eidu "grandfather" / eidese "grandmother". Masc. and fem. forms evolved separately, from that the irregularity.
father-in-law/mother-in-law of one's son/daughter  n cassandro –s cassandre –s | etim From Sdn. cansandru, from Per. tar. camansandru, from cam– "common" + mansandru "father-in-law", from Per. mit. marnesarnu, from marnu "great, big" + esarnu "foreign".
brother-/sister-in-law  1.1Brother's or sister's partner. 1.2 Partner's brother/sister. n astró –one –ons –ones | etim From Per. mit. astornu, lit. "brother from afar", from aste– "far" + ornu "brother".
2 Brother's or sister's partner. n astrorne –esse –s –esses | etim From astró "brother-/sister-in-law" + orne "brother".
3 Partner's brothers. a n astró perís –ius "pair brother-in-law –s". b f astrone perise –s "pair sister-in-law –s".
ex wife  f atsdeune –s | etim From ats– (ex–) + deune "wife".
ex husband  m atsdombre –s | etim From ats– (ex–) + dombre "husband".
lad  1 Young, not older than 15. n dornuys –nusye –nusyis –nusyes | etim From Per. tar. dornuisu, from Per. mit. duernuisu or duenruisu, lit. "little good one", from duenu "good, beautiful, blessed" + –ruisu (affective). | see also child, boy.
2.1 Young with enough age to get married, still single. 2.2 Young older than 15. Teenager. n dongal –e –s –es | etim From Per. duengalu, lit. "goof value", from Meg. duene "good, blesse" + gual– "valuable".
3.1 Brother/sister or first cousin. 3.2 Person that is member of the same clan than his/her halfbrother/sister or stepbrother/stepsister. n dórne –esse –s –esses | etim From Per. tar. duernu, from Per. mit. duenornu "good brother".
family  1.1 f festarie –s 1.2 Language family ************* | etim Festarie comes from Per. mit. festarie, var. of festiarte "Festia's fire", from Sdc. festeater, from éater "fire" + Festia (home spirit). Festiarte became the Peran name of the spirit of the home (Hel. Fester), getting contaminated, subsequently, with Per. aesu "fire", which gave the pleonasm festiaresue "Festia's fire fire", which already became "family".
familiar  adj festariarn –s
stepson/stepdaughter  1 Person that is member of the same clan than his/her halfbrother/sister or stepbrother/stepsister. see lad #3.
2 Brother that is not from his halfbrother's/sister's or stepbrother's/stepsister's clan. m deuresarn –e –s –es | etim From Per. tar. teuresarnu, from Per. mit. teuru esarnu "foreign son".
godson/goddaughter  1 Person considered in relation with his godparents. 2.1 Adopted child. 2.2 Stepson/stepdaughter from the same clan than his/her siblings. n dornol –e –s –es | etim From Per. tar. durnolu, from Per. mit. teurundolu, lit. "beloved son". | see also lad #3.
son-in-law  Son's/daughter's husband. m neu –s | etim From Per. neuku "young".
half brother/sister  1 Person that is member of the same clan than his/her half brother's/sister's. see lad #3.
2 Brother that is not from the same clan than his half brothers/sisters. m ornesarn –e –s –es | etim From Per. tar. ornesarnu, from Per. mit. ornu esarnu "foreign brother".
heir  1 Who receives an inheritance or part of it n hernès –esse –eus –esses | etim From Per. herne(n)su "heir", from hernessante "lineage", from Meg. herne "line".
2 Older son in a home. m broceu –s | etim From Sdn. bruyceu, from Per. mit. bruktedu, from Per. ant. apruktedu "heir", lit. "rooted house".
stepmother  1 Mother that is a member of the same clan than her stepsons/daughters. see godfather/godmother #3.
2 Mother that is not from the same clan than her stepsons/stepdaughters. f maitesarne –s | etim From Per. tar. maitesarne, from Per. mit. maite esarne "foreign mother".
midwife/godmother  1 Midwife. 2 Wet nurse. 3 nursemaid. f camaide –s | etim From Per. mit. kamaite "midwife", lit. "beside mother". Meanings #1, #2 and #3 have a common term because in ancient times, within a clan, women assisted themselves during births, took care of other women's children and breast-fed them when the natural mother was absent; usually the sisters or first-cousins of a mother breast-fed her children.
husband  m dombre –s | etim From Per. tar. dombru, from Per. mit. duenbruki "husband", lit. "good man".
wife  f deune –s | etim From Per. tar. deunde, from Per. mit. duendame "wife", lit. "good woman".
nephew/niece  n anyor –e –s –es | etim From Sdn. nandeuro, from Per. mit. nanteuru "nephew", lit. "son/daughter from beyond".
grandson/granddaughter  n tardor –e –s –es | etim From Per. mit. tartoru, from Per. ant. tarteuru, lit. "son/daughter from in front".
daughter-in-law  Son's or daughter's wife. f noce –s | etim From Per. neuke "young".
stepfather  1 Father that is a member of the same clan than his stepsons/stepdaughters. see stepfather.
2 Father that is not from the same clan than his stepsons/stepdaughters. m artesarn –s | etim From Per. tar. artesarnu, from Per. mit. artu esarnu "foreign father".
godfather/godmother  1.1 Stepfather that is from the same clan than his stepsons/stepdaughters. 1.2 Adoptive father. 2.1 Man who protects someone in his/her purposes. 2.2 Male patron. m a ardol –s b ardoval –s | etim From Per. tar. artualu, from Per. mit. artugualu "godfather", lit. "valuable father".
3.1 Stepmother that is from the same clan than her stepsons/stepdaughters. 3.2 Adoptive mother. 4.1 Women that protects someone in his/her purposes. 4.2 Female patron. f a maidole –s b mairole –s | etim Hel. ant. maideule, maidole, from Per. tar. maiteuale (by mimesis with artualu "godfather", instead of maitegole), from Per. mit. maiteguale "godmother", lit. "valuable mother".
relative  1 Member of the same clan or family. n tarol –e –s –es | etim From Per. tar. tareulu, from Per. mit. talebolu "relative", lit. "typical of two".
2 Someone's parents, uncles, aunts and grandarents as a whole. 3 Legal guardian of a minor. n domarn –e –s –es | etim From Per. tar. donmarnu, from Per. mit. duenemarnu, lit. "good big", in the sense of "good older".
heiress  Older daughter in a home. f bricede –s | etim From Sdn. breyceude, from Per. mit. brukteude, from Per. ant. aprukteude "heiress", lit. "rooted house".
great-great-grandfather/-mother  a m noseu noscar "second great-grandfather" b f noseie noscare "second great-grandmother" | etim All forms that move back beyond noseu noseie "great-grandfather/mother”, this one included, are formed with these words followed by the ordinal. Since 'great-grandfather/mother' is the first in the list, 'great-great-grandfather/mother' is the 'second great-grandfather/mother'.
father-in-law/mother-in-law  1 Father, mother, of one of the two partners in relation to the other. n sandro sandre –s –s | etim From Sdn. sandru, from Per. tar. mansandru, from Per. mit. marnesarnu "father-in-law", lit. "older one from beyond".
2 The mother of the wife in relation to the other partner. f damaire –s | etim From Per. tar. damaite, from Per. mit. damemaite "mother-in-law", lit. "mother of the wife".
3 The father of the wife in relation to the other partner. m damart –s | etim From Per. mit. damartu "father-in-law", lit. "father of the wife".
4 The mother of the husband in relation to the other partner. f brungaire –s | etim From Per. tar. brunkaite, from Per. mit. brukimaite "mother-in-law", lit. "mother of the husband".
5 The father of the husband in relation to the other partner. m brugard –s | etim From Per. mit. brukartu "father-in-law", lit. "father of the husband".
widow(er)  mmm